李杰，同济大学特聘教授，博士生导师，上海防灾救灾研究所所长。1998年获国家杰出青年科学基金，1999年入选教育部“长江学者奖励计划”首批特聘教授。现兼任国际结构安全性与可靠性协会（IASSAR）执委会执委、国际土木工程风险与可靠性协会(CERRA)主席团成员，Structural Safety、International Journal of Nonlinear Mechanics等刊编委，中国振动工程学会副理事长、随机振动专业委员会主任，中国建筑学会结构计算理论专业委员会主任等学术职务。长期从事结构工程、地震工程、随机动力学和工程可靠性理论研究工作，在随机动力学、工程结构可靠度与生命线工程研究中取得了具有国际影响力的研究成果。2015年，工程结构抗灾可靠性设计的概率密度演化理论获得国家自然科学二等奖；2014年，因在概率密度演化理论与生命线工程可靠性方面的学术成就、被美国土木工程师学会（ASCE)授予Freudenthal奖章；2013年，因在随机动力学与生命线工程可靠性方面的学术成就、被丹麦王国奥尔堡大学授予荣誉博士学位；另外，围绕研究方向曾获国家科技进步奖以及上海市科技进步一等奖等科技奖励30余项。著有5部学术专。在国内外发表学术期刊论文400余篇，其中SCI收录120余篇、EI收录260余篇，研究论著被引用7000余次。刘威，博士、伦斯勒理工学院访问学者访问，同济大学土木工程学院副教授。专长于生命线地震工程领域，从事生命线地震工程研究。在国内外学术期刊及国际学术会议发表研究论文70余篇，其中SCI收录18篇，获上海市科学技术进步奖一等奖1项。
目錄：
1 Introduction .1
1.1Lifeline Engineering Systems1
1.2Damages of Lifeline Systems in Past Earthquakes ..3
1.3Main Content of the Book7
References ..8
2 Seismic Hazard Assessment11
2.1 Introduction ..11
2.2 Uncertainty and Probability Model ..11
2.2.1 Earthquake Occurrence Probability Model ..12
2.2.2 Potential SeismicZone .13
2.2.3 Probability Distribution Function of Earthquake Magnitude.15
2.2.4 Ground Motion Attenuation 16
2.3 Seismic Hazard Analysis Method . 17
2.3.1 Point-Source Model .17
2.3.2 Line-Source Model .20
2.3.3 Area-Source Model 21
2.3.4 Probability Distribution Function of Ground Motion Amplitude21
References23
3 Seismic Ground Motion Model . 25
3.1Introduction.25
3.2 Statistically-Based Model 26
3.2.1 Stationary and Non-stationary Processes 26
3.2.2 One-Dimensional Stochastic Process Model28
3.2.3 Random Field Model 30
3.3 Physically-Based Model .34
3.3.1 Fourier Spectral Form of One-Dimensional Ground Motion 34
3.3.2 Seismic Source Spectrum..35
3.3.3 Transfer Function of the Path 37
3.3.4 LocalSite Effect . 38
3.3.5 One-Dimensional Ground Motion Model .40
3.3.6 Physical Random Field Model of Ground Motions ..41 References .43
4 Seismic Performance Evaluation of Buried Pipelines . 45
4.1 Seismic Damage of Buried Pipelines .45
4.1.1 Pipeline Damage in Past Earthquakes ..45
4.1.2 Damage Characteristics of Buried Pipelines .46
4.1.3 Factors Affecting Buried Pipeline Damages . 47
4.1.4 Empirical Statistics of Damage Ratio 48
4.2 Seismic Response Analysis of Buried Pipelines 51
4.2.1 Pseudo-static Analysis Method .51
4.2.2 Pipeline Stress Computation 58
4.3 Seismic Response Analysis of Pipeline Networks . 60
4.4 Seismic Reliability Evaluation of Buried Pipeline 64
4.4.1 Uncertainty of Pipeline Resistance 64
4.4.2 Seismic Reliability Analysis of Buried Pipelines . 65 References.67
5 Seismic Response Analysis of Structures ..69
5.1 Structural Analysis Model 69
5.1.1 General Finite Element Model..69
5.1.2 Seismic Analysis Model of Structure-Equipment
Systems..75
5.1.3 Dynamic Analysis Model of Structure Subject to Multi-point Ground Motions .79
5.2 Deterministic Seismic Response Analysis of Structures . 81
5.2.1 Linear Acceleration Algorithm 82
5.2.2 Generalized α-Algorithm 85
5.3 Stochastic Seismic Response Analysis of Structures .88
5.3.1 Principle of Preservation of Probability. 88
5.3.2 The Generalized Probability Density Evolution Equation .90
5.3.3 Numerical Method for Solving General Probability Density Evolution Equation ..92
5.4 Seismic Reliability Analysis of Structures .96 References..99
6 Seismic Reliability Analysis of Engineering Network (D—Connectivity Reliability..101
6.1 Introduction .101
6.2 Foundation of System Reliability Analysis 102
6.2.1 Basic Concepts of Graph Theory .102
6.2.2 Structural Function of Network Systems..104
6.2.3 Reliability of Simple Network System .. 107
6.3 Minimal Path Algorithm 108
6.3.1Adjacent Matrix Algorithm .108
6.3.2 Depth First Search Algorithm ..110
6.3.3 Breadth First Search Algorithm 112
6.4 Disjoint Minimal Path Algorithm 112
6.4.1 Reliability Evaluation of Network System and Its Complexity .112 6.4.2 Disjoint Minimal Path Algorithm ..114
6.4.3 Reliability Analysis Based on DMP Algorithm .116
6.5 Recursive Decomposition Algorithm .117
6.5.1 Related Theorems 117
6.5.2 RDA for Edge-Weighted Network .118
6.5.3 RDA for Node-Weighted Network .122
6.6 Cut-Based Recursive Decomposition Algorithm127
6.6.1 Minimal Cut Searching Algorithm .127
6.6.2 Cut-Based Recursive Decomposition Algorithm .129
6.7 Reliability Analysis of Network with Dependent Failure133
6.8 Monte Carlo Simulation Method 135 References .136
7 Seismic Reliability Analysis of Engineering Network (II)—The Functional Reliability .137
7.1 Introduction ．137
7.2 Functional Analysis of Water Supply Network 137
7.3 Functional Analysis of Water Supply Network with Leakage 140
7.3.1 Hydraulic equation of water supply network with leakage ..140
7.3.2 Analysis method .141
7.4 Seismic Functional Reliability Analysis of Water Supply Network 142
References..148
8 Aseismic Optimal Design ofLifeline Networks .149
8.1 Introduction .．149
8.2 Network Topology Optimization Based on Connectivity
Reliability ..150
8.2.1 Topology Optimization Model .150
8.2.2 Genetic Algorithm ..150
8.2.3 Examples ．154
8.3 Topology Optimization of Water Supply Network 155
8.3.1 Optimization Model .155
8.3.2 Algorithms for Seismic Topology Optimization.157
8.3.3 EXamples .158
References16l
9 Simulation and Control of Composite Lifeline System ..163
9.1 Introduction .. ..163
9.2 Disaster Response Simulation ofComposite Lifeline System ..165
9.2.1 Fundamentals of Discrete Event Dynamic Simulation..165
9.2.2 Simulation of Composite Lifeline Engineering System.167
9.2.3 Disaster Simulation Model of Composite Lifeline System ..168
9.2.4 Simulation Convergence Criteria and Simulation Statistics ..171
9.3 Petri Net Model for Disaster Simulation of Composite Lifeline System ..172
9.3.1 Classic Petri Net ．172
9.3.2 Non-Autonomous Colored Petri Net.174
9.3.3 Seismic Disaster Simulation of Composite Lifeline System .175
9.4 Case Study on Seismic Disaster Simulation..177
9.5 Urban Earthquake Disaster Field Control182
9.5.1 System ControlBased on Structural Behavior 182
9.5.2 System Control Based on Investment Behavior ..184
9.5.3 Case Study .186
References.191
Appendix A: Boolean Algebra Basic..．193
Appendix B: Seismic Reliability Analysis of Transformer Substation ..199
Appendix C: Seismic Secondary Fire Analysis .205
Bibliography 207
內容試閱：
One of the important signs showing the growth and prosperity of civil engineering in the twentieth century is the development and popularization of large-scale engi- neering networks. Regional engineering network systems such as electric power networks. urban water supply networks，gas supply networks， large-scaletransporta- tion networks，..，all of them have a profound impact on human life and social progress.Because of theirparamount importance，theseengineering network systems are collectively called lifeline engineering systems orinfrastructure systems.
However， in the early period of their development， the design of engineering network systems was mostly based on the planning design according to functional demand. To the network structural design of engineering systems， especially which is governed by disaster resistance performance，little attention has been paid. In the mid-197Os， the emergence of concept of lifeline earthquake engineering opened the first gap to break through this dilemma. In the following 40 years， starting from the seismic performance of buried pipelines and the earthquake disaster prediction of network systems， the researchers initiated a series of new research fields such as the vulnerability analysis of engineering structures， reliability analysis of engineering networks， optimization design of network topology and resilience analysis of engi- neering networks. These advances have formed the rudiment of a new branch of disciplines: engineering network reliability analysis and design.
The first author of this book has been involved in the research of lifeline engi- neering systems since the early 1990s.In the process of research， the author grad- ually formed such a basic concept: the disaster resistance design of engineering network system is an important part of engineering system design， and this kind of design should be based on the network reliability analysis. The author believes that the engineering network reliability analysis and design constitute an impor- tant hallmark of the development of civil engineering design theory in the new era. In fact，after a hundred years of developments，engineering reliability analysis and design has formed a complete theoretical framework: structural component relia- bility design—global structural reliability design—engineering network reliability design.
According to such a belief， this book is organized as the following four parts. After a brief introduction in Chap.1，the first part of the book includes Chaps.2 and 3， which introduce the seismic hazard analysis and advances in modeling of seismic ground motion， respectively. The second part， including Chaps.4 and 5，describes thereliability analysis methods for structures in engineering network.Apart from the general reliability analysis methods，a global reliability analysis method of structure based on the probability density evolution theory is addressed briefly in this part The seismic reliability analysis of a network system is the first key point of the book， which is the focus of the third parts and described in Chaps. 6 and 7.In this part， two reliability analysis methods of lifeline engineering networks，ie.the connectivity reliability analysis and the functional reliability analysis.areintroduced in detail， respectively.On the basis， the aseismic design and comprehensivecontrolof composite lifeline system are addressed in the fourth parts of the book，including the topology optimization design methods for lifeline engineering networks， presented in Chap.8，and the system control of composite lifeline engineering systems shown in Chap.9， respectively. These contents constitute the fourth part of the book.
The book may be used as a textbook or research reference for graduate students and professionals in civil engineering. The level of the preparation assumed of the readercorresponds to that of the bachelor‘s degree in science or engineering.
The authors’sincere appreciations go firstly to Prof. Alfredo H-S Ang at the University ofCalifornia，Irvine，and Prof.Pol.D.Spanos at Rice University，for their important advice in preparing the book and long-time friendship. Special thanks are also due to Prof.Bruce Ellingwood at Colorado State University，Prof. Dan Frangopol at Lehigh University.Prof. George Deodatisat ColumbiaUniversity.Prof. MichaelH. Faberat Aalborg University，Prof.Michael Beerat the Leibniz University of Hanover， Prof， Kok Kwang Phoon at the National University of Singapore and Prof. Yangang Zhao at Kanagawa University， for their valuable help and friendly encouragements. Taking this opportunity， the first author of the book would like to express his deep appreciation tohis former students: Professor Jun He at ShanghaiJiaotong University， Prof. Lingli Chen at Shanghai University，Prof. Jianbing Chen and Prof. Wei Liu at Tongji University and Prof. Yuanfeng Bao at Xian Jiaotong University. Cooperation with them is always full of joy and inspiration. The authors are also indebted to their colleagues at Tongji University， Prof. Xilin Lu， Prof. Guoqiang Li， Prof. Yiyi Chen， Prof. Xianglin Gu and Prof. Qifeng Luo for their continuous cooperation and supports.
Finally， we would like to thank our families for their long-lasting support and love.
Jie Li
Shanghai， China June 2020 Wei Liu
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