Contents
导 读
金 艳 iii
Abbreviations xv
Series Editors’ note xix
Acknowledgements xxvii
Notes on contributors xxx
1 Introduction 1
Lynda Taylor
2 Test taker characteristics 39
Barry O’Sullivan and Anthony Green
3 Cognitive validity 71
John Field
4 Context validity 126
Evelina Galaczi and Angela ffrench
5 Scoring validity 194
Lynda Taylor and Evelina Galaczi
6 Consequential validity 269
Roger Hawkey
7 Criterion-related validity 298
Hanan Khalifa and Angeliki Salamoura
8 Conclusions and recommendations 337
Cyril Weir and Lynda Taylor
Appendices
Appendix A: Sample Speaking tasks at five levels 363
Appendix B: Candidate Information Sheet (CIS) 376
Appendix C: Standard procedures for the production of
Speaking test material 378
Appendix D: Administrative setting and management of
the Speaking tests 386
Appendix E: ESOL Staff Induction Worksheet on the CEFR 399
References 401
Author index 427
Subject index 432