在中国的历史长河中，经典著述对国家的形成、人民日常生活的影响起到了至关重要的作用。本书每篇短文介绍一本经典著述，时间跨度3000余年，内容包含了医学、数学、军事谋略、宗教、文学以及艺术、游记等。
Throughout China’s long history, classic texts have played a vital role in shaping the country and influencing the daily lives of its people.
In this series of short articles, we introduce classic texts spanning more than 3,000 years and covering everything from medicine, mathematics and military strategy to religion, literature, arts and travel.
關於作者：
张慈贇，国内资深英文媒体人，高级编辑，享受国务院政府特殊津贴。自1980年起，参与《中国日报》创办，曾任中国日报社常务副总编辑。主持《北京周末报》、《上海英文星报》的创办，均为第一任总编辑。1996-2011年任上海市人民政府新闻办公室副主任，1999年创办《上海日报》社，任总编辑至2013年。现为中国翻译协会常务理事、上海翻译家协会副会长、《东方翻译》主编、上海外国语大学新闻传媒学院客座教授等。
主要译作：《聊斋志异》（外文出版社，1995，合译）；《香港特别行政区基本法（草案）》（1988，合译）；《翻译服务规范》（起草委员会成员组长英文定稿，中国标准化出版社，2004-2006）；《中美关系史（1945－1949）》（资中筠著，美国哥大出版社，1991）；《法国大革命的历史启示》（张芝联著，北京大学出版社，1989）；《中国弹拨乐演奏》（马楠著，人民音乐出版社，1989）；《中国教育法》（中译英，高教出版社，1986）；《一个女记者的传奇》（英译中，新华出版社，1986，合译）等
Born in Shanghai in 1949, ZHANG Ciyun Peter graduated from Jilin Normal University, PRC with a major in English and later from Stanford University in the United States with a Master’s Degree in Journalism. Since 1980, he has worked for several newspapers and magazines in both Beijing and Shanghai. Also, he once served in the General Office of the Ministry of Communications as an interpreter and the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality as its Deputy General Director.
An acclaimed translator, reporter and editor, Mr. Zhang has helped bring into existence four English-language newspapers on the Chinese mainland, namely, China Daily, Beijing Weekend, Shanghai Star and Shanghai Daily. He is now the Editor-in-Chief Emeritus of Shanghai Daily and an executive council member of Translation Association of China. He has translated and co-translated more than a dozen books and a large amount of documents, including Strange Stories of Liao Zhai Studio and the English version of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. He has also published many English and Chinese articles and theses in newspapers and magazines both in China and overseas.
目錄：
三 字 经
Three Character Classic
千 字 文
Thousand Character Classic
百 家 姓
Hundred Family Surnames
周 易
Book of Changes
考 工 记
The Records of Examination of Craftsmen
山 海 经
The Classic of Mountains and Seas
四民月令
Monthly Instructions for Four Classes of People
九章算术
The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art
齐民要术
Essential Techniques for the Welfare of the People
水 经 注
Commentary on the Waterways Classic
缀 术
The Method of Interpolation
食疗本草
Materia Medica for Dietotherapy
茶 经
The Classic of Tea
酒 经
The Classic of Wine and Spirits
梦溪笔谈
Dream Pool Essays
授 时 历
The Season-Granting Calendar
天工开物
Tiangong Kaiwu Encyclopedia
农政全书
A Complete Treatise on Agriculture
黄帝内经
The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon
难 经
The Yellow Emperor’s Canon of 81 Difficult Issues
伤 寒 论
Treatise on Cold Damage Disorders
千金要方
Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Pieces of Gold
本草纲目
Compendium of Materia Medica
春 秋
The Spring and Autumn Annals
史 记
Records of the Grand Historian
资治通鉴
Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government
诗 经
The Book of Songs
离 骚
The Lament
说文解字
Explaining and Analyzing Characters
文心雕龙
The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons
唐 诗
Tang Poetry
宋 词
Song Lyric Poetry
西 厢 记
Romance of the West Chamber
窦 娥 冤
The Injustice to Dou E
牡 丹 亭
The Peony Pavilion
西 游 记
Journey to the West
水 浒 传
Water Margin
三国演义
Romance of the Three Kingdoms
红 楼 梦
A Dream of Red Mansions
金 瓶 梅
The Plum in the Golden Vase
聊斋志异
Strange Stories of Liaozhai
儒林外史
The Scholars
古文观止
The Ultimate Anthology of Ancient Prose
道 德 经
The Book of Virtue
论 衡
Discourses Weighted in the Balance
盐 铁 论
Discourses on Salt and Iron
金 刚 经
The Diamond Sutra
坛 经
The Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch
兰 亭 序
Preface to the Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion
孙子兵法
The Art of War
三十六计
Thirty-Six Stratagems
徐霞客游记
The Travelogue of Xu Xiake
內容試閱：
三字经
Three Character Classic
Making characters as easy as 1-2-3
“Three Character Classic” was one of the most popular texts for elementary education in China for more than 700 years until the middle of last century. Almost all children at school used to be required to recite the text of 1,248 Chinese characters in three-character verses for easy memorization.
Many historians have attributed this text to Wang Yinglin 1223-1296, a famous scholar of the Southern Song Dynasty 1127-1279. But they say that the version we see today was revised by later scholars because it contains content about history after the Southern Song Dynasty.
As a writer and scholar of Chinese classics and history, Wang obtained the title of “Presented Scholar,” a graduate of the Imperial Palace examination, at the age of 18. Three years later, he was appointed as an official of today’s Quzhou City in his home province
of Zhejiang in eastern China. The highest office Wang ever held was the Director of the Board of Rites in the Imperial Court.
It was said that Wang authored “Three Character Classic” in order to spread Confucian classics and knowledge of Chinese history among children. Therefore, he wrote the text both short and simple and arranged it all into three-character verses, very suitable
for reading and reciting.
As a result, even today, more than 60 years after it stopped being used as a text for primary schools, many people in China can still
recite some of its most readable verses.
“Three Character Classic” is divided into six parts, each focusing on a specific topic. It begins with four verses about the core belief of Confucianism:
“People at birth,
All innately kind.
Natures are alike,
But habits different.”
Then, it goes on to preach traditional Chinese values, such as to follow filial piety, to observe the proprieties, to respect teachers and to be diligent and to study hard.
It even mentions an ancient episode concerning Kong Rong 153-208 AD, a Han Dynasty writer and descendant of Confucius. As a boy of 10, Kong was asked to divide two pears between his younger brother and himself. Kong gave the bigger one to his brother while keeping a smaller one for himself.
The story has been told for centuries in China to encourage young students to take after Kong’s humbleness and generosity.
In addition to teaching children the basics of math, Chinese language, music and science, the text also lists titles of important
Chinese classics in Confucianism and works of other ancient philosophers.
The text tells students that before one begins to study Chinese history, he or she must first become versed in those classic master
works.
After expounding all kinds of knowledge and principles, the classic text tells students in conclusion that people studying and working hard will be eventually rewarded, while those who waste their time on play will regret of it one day.
Because of its rich content, beautiful verses and simple style, it was translated into Mongolian and Manchu languages during the
Yuan and Qing dynasties. In the early years of Meiji Reign 1868-1912, it was widely used as a text in private schools in Japan.
Later, it was also translated into English, French and Italian.
Now, it has been listed by UNESCO as one of its recommended
children’s readings worldwide.
Later, people also tried to imitate the writing style of “Three Character Classic” to spread knowledge of specific subjects and
religions. So, for many hundreds of years, a good number of books have been published in China in the “three-character” style.
Titles include: “Three Character Classic for Females,” “Three Character Classic of Geology,” “Three Character Classic of
Medicine,” “Three Character Classic of Military,” “Three Character Classic of Buddhism” and “Three Character Classic of Taoism.”
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